A Commitment to a Future Free from Unexploded Ordnance
While the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are universally recognized as a set of 17 global targets aimed at fostering prosperity and sustainability, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR, or Laos) stands out with an additional, 18th SDG. This unique goal, titled “Lives Safe from Unexploded Ordnance (UXO),” reflects the country’s ongoing struggle to mitigate the devastating impact of unexploded ordnance (UXO) left behind from the Second Indochina War (1955–1975).
A Legacy of War
Lao PDR holds the unfortunate distinction of being the most heavily bombed country per capita in history. During the Second Indochina War (often associated with the Vietnam War), over 270 million cluster munitions were dropped on Laos by the U.S. military. Shockingly, more than 80 million of these bomblets failed to detonate, leaving vast areas of the country contaminated. The presence of UXO continues to claim lives and impede economic development, particularly in rural communities where farming is essential for livelihoods.
The Need for an Additional SDG
Recognizing the enduring impact of UXO, Lao PDR took a historic step by formally adopting SDG 18. This additional goal acknowledges that the removal of UXO is essential for achieving the other 17 SDGs, particularly those related to poverty reduction, education, health, and economic growth. UXO contamination hinders infrastructure projects, limits agricultural expansion, and threatens the safety of children who unknowingly encounter these deadly remnants.
Progress and Challenges
The Lao government, in collaboration with international organizations such as UNDP, UXO Lao, and the Mine Action Group (MAG), has made significant strides in clearing contaminated land and educating communities on the dangers of UXO. Since 1996, tens of thousands of hectares of land have been cleared, and UXO-related casualties have dropped significantly. However, the process remains slow and resource-intensive, requiring continued international support and technological innovation in detection and removal.
A Model for Other Nations
Lao PDR’s decision to include SDG 18 in its national development agenda serves as an inspiring precedent for other conflict-affected nations. It demonstrates the importance of addressing country-specific challenges within the global SDG framework, ensuring that unique issues do not go overlooked.
By prioritizing UXO clearance, Lao PDR is not only securing lives but also paving the way for sustainable development—one that ensures safety, prosperity, and resilience for future generations.